Reviewed field guides
Thought experiments as instruments, not trivia.
Read the setup without JavaScript, then use a private reasoning tool to separate intuition, evidence and the rule behind your answer.
identity
The Ship of Theseus
If a ship is repaired plank by plank, what makes it remain the same ship—and what happens if the discarded planks are rebuilt?
Which ship has the stronger claim to be the original?
Does identity depend on material, continuity, function, history, or convention?
knowledge
Brain in a Vat
Could your experiences be produced by a computer while your brain floats in a laboratory—and what would that possibility show?
Does knowing something require ruling out every skeptical possibility?
Can evidence justify ordinary belief without creating absolute certainty?